Carotid Artery Stenosis: Diagnosis & Treatment

Overview
The carotid arteries are paired blood vessels in the neck responsible for supplying blood to the brain, face, and head. Each common carotid artery branches into the internal carotid artery, which supplies blood to the brain, and the external carotid artery, which supplies blood to the face and scalp.

Carotid artery stenosis is a narrowing of the artery’s lumen, which can be caused by atherosclerosis, blood clots, or other vascular conditions. If left untreated, severe stenosis can lead to stroke or brain infarction.

Diagnosis
A thorough evaluation of carotid artery function and blood flow includes:

• Ultrasound of the carotid arteries – Measures blood flow and detects blockages.

• Angiography – Provides a detailed image of the arteries using contrast dye.

• CT scan – Evaluates the severity of narrowing and potential complications.

• MRI/MRA of the brain – Assesses brain health and detects stroke risks.

Treatment
The primary goal of treatment is to prevent stroke. Treatment is recommended when the artery is narrowed by more than 70%.

Treatment Options:

• Medication Therapy – Includes antiplatelet drugs, cholesterol-lowering statins, and blood pressure management.

• Stenting – A minimally invasive procedure where a stent is placed to widen the narrowed artery.

• Carotid Endarterectomy – Surgical removal of plaque from the artery to restore normal blood flow.

Cost of Diagnosis & Treatment: From 16,350,000 KRW