Strabismus: Diagnosis & Treatment

Overview

Strabismus is a condition characterized by the misalignment of the eyes, where they do not look in the same direction simultaneously. It can be congenital (present from birth) or acquired due to various underlying conditions.

Causes of Strabismus

The causes of strabismus are categorized into three main groups:

• Anatomical Causes:Orbital fractures
  Congenital malformations of the orbit
  Skull deformities
  Strabismus associated with thyroid disorders
  Structural abnormalities of the oculomotor muscles
  

• Neurological Causes:Myasthenia gravis
  Paralysis of cranial nerves III, IV, VI
  Eyeball retraction syndrome
  Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
  

• Genetic Factors:Family history of strabismus or related ocular conditions
  

Diagnosis

A comprehensive eye examination is essential for diagnosing strabismus. The following tests are conducted:

• Measurement of visual acuity

• Refractometry (assessment of refractive errors)

• Determination of the strabismus angle

• Fundus examination (evaluation of the retina and optic nerve)

• Biomicroscopy using a slit lamp to assess eye structures

Treatment Options

1. Non-Surgical Treatment:

• Glasses or contact lenses for vision correction

• Medication therapy for associated conditions

• Patching therapy to strengthen the weaker eye

2. Surgical Treatment:

• Procedures to weaken, strengthen, or reposition the oculomotor muscles to realign the eyes

Cost of Diagnosis & Treatment:

• 4,000,000 – 4,500,000 KRW