Intervertebral Hernia: Diagnosis & Treatment

Overview
An intervertebral hernia is a pathological protrusion of the intervertebral disc into the spinal canal, leading to neurological symptoms and lower back pain (lumbalgia).

Diagnosis
The diagnostic process includes a physical examination and imaging studies such as spinal X-rays and MRI. While herniated discs are not directly visible on X-rays, this examination is essential for differential diagnosis to rule out other spinal conditions.

Treatment
Treatment options include both conservative and surgical approaches:

• Conservative Treatment: Anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medications, traction therapy, ultrasound, electrophoresis, massage, wearing a corset, percutaneous electrical stimulation, epidural steroid injections, and physical therapy.

• Surgical Treatment: Surgery is considered when conservative treatment does not provide relief after 6 to 12 weeks, or in cases of severe pain, lower limb paresis, or dysfunction of urination and defecation.